The fetus during HIV infection is infected with transplacental, while in the uterus or intranatally when it passes through the infected birth passes of the woman in labor.
The risk of HIV transferring the child from a gray-positive mother is about 15-40%. But initially, even at the stage of pregnancy planning, in any case, you need to know the signs of AIDS disease in order to be as ready for a wide variety of troubles.
Factors that affect the risk of HIV transmission from the mother to the fetus, as follows:
1) the state of health of the mother (viral load and the number of T cells);
2) the nature of the course of pregnancy (complications);
3) the presence of concomitant pathology;
4) addiction to antiretroviral therapy;
5) observation of doctors;
6) planned delivery (planned cesarean section);
7) rejection of breastfeeding, replacing it with artificial or mixed.
It is also possible to infect the baby through breast milk from an infected HIV infection of a nursing mother (the risk of infection is 10-20%) and vice versa-a nursing mother during breastfeeding of an infected newborn. HIV-infected children, like adults, are susceptible to conditionally pathogenic bacteria, the course of infections recurrent. In addition, encephalopathy and delayed psychomotor development and physical development are often noted. Thrombocytopenia is also detected, manifested by hemorrhagic syndrome. HIV infection in a child is progressing faster compared to an adult.
The risk of a child’s birth with an immunodeficiency virus can be reduced if:
1) plan pregnancy;
2) timely detect and treat related diseases and infections;
3) use antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy and during childbirth;
4) apply artificial feeding.
