Schizophrenia is a chronic, progressive endogenous disease characterized by disorders of mental processes and leads to specific changes in the individual. Of course, such a definition does not cover all the manifestations of the disease through a wide variety of its forms and types, because in clinical practice it is not always possible to notice the progniac or personality change. It is enough to notice that on the basis of the predominance of one or another symptoms, the following forms of the disease are distinguished, or rather, the forms of its manifestation: catatonic, paranoid, hallucinatory-paranoid, hebephrenic and simple.
Schizophrenia is a fairly common disease, so the treatment of schizophrenia is a very urgent issue of modernity according to various authors, its frequency is from 0.1-0.3% to 1-3%. On average, it is believed that she is sick up to 1% of the world’s population. So, schizophrenia is the central problem of psychiatry, therefore, it is natural that discussions never cease around its main issues. This also applies to the treatment of this disease, especially the place of psychotherapy in a complex approach to the treatment of schizophrenia.
The psychotherapy of schizophrenia was considered and considered in modern literature through the prism of the progredient endogenous process, the methods of directly and the purpose of psychotherapy in particular. There is no unity in views until recently, there is no opinion regarding the effectiveness of one or another method is often opposite.
The problem of using psychotherapeutic methods in the treatment of patients with schizophrenia was dealt with by such outstanding scientists as: Heckerna, who described and determined Gebephrenia; Calbaum, which created the concept of Catatonia; E. Greakelin – substantiated the nosological independence of the disease and gave it the name “early dementia”; E. Blailer, who in 1911 proposed the name “schizophrenia”, most successfully reflects the essence of the disease. A big contribution was made with. Korsakov, c. Kandinsky, a. Kozhevnikov, a. Takarsky, m. Müller and others.
Considering the possibility of psychotherapeutic effects on patients with schizophrenia e. Bayler, especially paid attention to the secondary psychogenically determined symptoms. He believed that the patient’s movements to a well -equipped psychiatric hospital, regime, peace, removal from a psycho -traumatic situation positively affects the disease. Nowadays, consultation of a psychotherapist allows you to identify the disease at an early stage.
Schizophrenia is a disease, “many persons”, which means that many other mental disorders can be masked under it. Therefore, only the professionalism of doctors and psychotherapists allows you to get a result that can turn the situation.
